通过PHP你可以轻松的连接到数据库,请求数据并将其显示在你的web站点中,甚至修改数据库中的数据。MySQL是一种很流行的数据库,并且在互联网中有许多有关PHP与MySQL的教程。MySQL是免费的,这一点也许就吸引了不少人。由于其广泛应用,我就不想在这里赘述MySQL的使用方法了。Oracle被大量在企业应用中采用,因此我们就利用Oracle来介绍PHP与数据库的连接。我们当然不会提及Oracle数据库的设计原理,原因是这已经超出了我们的讨论范围。 PHP提供了两套函数与Oracle连接,分别是ORA_和OCI函数。其中ORA_函数略显陈旧。OCI函数更新据说更好一些。两者的使用语法几乎相差无几。你的PHP安装选项应该可以支持两者的使用。 连接 < ? if ($conn=Ora_Logon("user@TNSNAME","password")) { echo "SUCCESS ! Connected to database\n"; }else {echo "Failed :-( Could not connect to database\n";} Ora_Logoff($conn); phpinfo(); ?> 以上代码使用TNSNAME(在你的tnsnames.ora文件中指明)定义的Oracle数据库名称、用户名称和密码连接数据库。在成功连接的基础上,ora_logon函数返回一个非零的连接ID并储存在变量$conn中。 查询 假设与数据库已经连接就绪,下面我们就来实际的应用对数据库的查询。下面的代码演示了一个连接并查询的典型例子: function printoraerr($in_cur) { // 检查Oracle是否出错 // 如果存在错误则显示 // 当指针被激活时每次请求Oracle后调用该函数 if(ora_errorcode($in_cur)) echo "Oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)."\n"; return; } if (!($conn=ora_logon("user@TNSNAME","password"))) {echo "Connection to database failed\n"; exit; } echo "Connected as connection - $conn \n"; echo "Opening cursor ... \n"; $cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor); echo "Opened cursor - $cursor \n"; $qry="select user,sysdate from dual"; echo "Parsing the query $qry ... \n"; ora_parse($cursor,$qry,0); printoraerr($cursor); echo "Query parsed \n"; echo "Executing cursor ... \n"; ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor); echo "Executed cursor \n"; echo "Fetching cursor ... \n"; while(ora_fetch($cursor)) { $user=ora_getcolumn($cursor,0); printoraerr($cursor); $sysdate=ora_getcolumn($cursor,1); printoraerr($cursor); echo " row = $user, $sysdate \n"; } echo "Fetched all records \n"; echo "Closing cursor ... \n"; ora_close($cursor); echo "Closed cursor \n"; echo "Logging off from oracle... \n"; ora_logoff($conn); echo "Logged off from oracle \n"; ?> 显示结果 以下代码演示了怎样查询数据库并将结果输出: function printoraerr($in_cur, $conn) { // 检查Oracle是否出错 // 如果存在错误则显示 // 当指针被激活时每次请求Oracle后调用该函数 // If it encountered an error, we exit immediately if(ora_errorcode($in_cur)) {echo "Oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)." n"; ora_logoff($conn); exit; } return; } function exequery($w_qry,$conn) { $cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor,$conn); ora_parse($cursor,$w_qry,0); printoraerr($cursor,$conn); ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor,$conn); $numrows=0; $w_numcols=ora_numcols($cursor); // 显示头部 echo " \n"; for ($i=0;$i<$w_numcols;$i++) { $align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="NUMBER")?"RIGHT":"LEFT"; echo "\t ".ora_columnname($cursor,$i)." \n"; } echo " \n"; while(ora_fetch($cursor)) { echo " \n"; for ($i=0;$i<$w_numcols;$i++) { $align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="NUMBER")?"RIGHT":"LEFT"; if(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="LONG") echo " ". ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)." \n"; else echo " ".ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)." \n"; printoraerr($cursor,$conn); } $numrows++; echo " \n"; } if ($numrows==0) echo " Query returned no records \n"; else { echo " \n"; echo " Count \n"; echo " $numrows \n"; echo " \n"; } echo " \n"; ora_close($cursor); return; } // 主程序 if(!($conn=ora_logon("user@SID","password"))) { echo "Error: Cannot connect to database\n"; exit; } $qry="SELECT deptno \"Dept\" ,empno \"Emp\" ,empnm \"Name\" ,salary \"Salary\" FROM employee ORDER BY 1,2"; exequery($qry); ora_logoff($conn); ?> 基于HTTP的Oracle登录 将以下代码加在PHP页面代码之前以确认Oracle登录。注意你必须正确设定$ SID。 if(!isset($PHP_AUTH_USER)) { Header("WWW-authenticate: basic realm=\"$SID\""); Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized"); $title="Login Instructions"; echo " You are not authorized to enter the site \n"; exit; } else { if (!($conn=ora_logon("$PHP_AUTH_USER@$SID",$PHP_AUTH_PW))) {Header("WWW-authenticate: basic realm=\"$SID\""); Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized"); $title="Login Instructions"; echo " You are not authorised to enter the site \n"; exit; }} ?> |